Prison Island, also known as Changuu Island, is one of Zanzibar’s most intriguing attractions. Located just 5.6 km (3.5 miles) from Stone Town, this small island offers a fascinating blend of history, wildlife, and natural beauty. With its stunning turquoise waters, giant Aldabra tortoises, and historical ruins, it’s a perfect escape from the hustle and bustle of Zanzibar’s mainland. Whether you’re a history buff, a nature lover, or simply looking for a peaceful beach getaway, Prison Island is a must-visit.
Despite its ominous name, Prison Island was never actually used as a prison for criminals. In the 1860s, the island was privately owned by a wealthy Arab who used it as a detention center for enslaved people before they were transported to other parts of the world. Later, in 1893, the British colonial government took over the island and constructed a prison that was meant to house violent prisoners from the mainland. However, the prison was never used for this purpose.
Instead, the British repurposed the facility into a quarantine station for individuals with infectious diseases, particularly yellow fever. The station operated for several decades, helping to control disease outbreaks. Today, the remnants of the prison and quarantine buildings still stand, providing a glimpse into Zanzibar’s dark yet fascinating past.
One of the biggest highlights of Prison Island is its giant Aldabra tortoises, which have become the island’s most famous residents. These magnificent creatures were gifted to Zanzibar by the Seychelles government in the late 19th century and have since thrived in the island’s protected sanctuary. Some of these tortoises are over 150 years old, making them one of the oldest known living species on Earth.
Visitors can enter the tortoise sanctuary, where they are allowed to feed, observe, and even touch these gentle giants. The tortoises are known for their slow and graceful movements, and some of them weigh up to 250 kg (550 lbs). Conservation efforts are in place to protect and breed these endangered species, as their population has significantly declined due to poaching in the past.
Spending time with these tortoises is truly a once-in-a-lifetime experience, and it provides visitors with an opportunity to learn about the importance of conservation efforts in Zanzibar.
Apart from its rich history and unique wildlife, Prison Island is also a tropical paradise. Surrounded by crystal-clear waters and coral reefs, the island is an excellent spot for snorkeling and swimming. The marine ecosystem around the island is home to colorful fish, sea urchins, and vibrant coral formations, making it a perfect place for underwater exploration.
The island’s pristine, white sandy beaches provide a peaceful escape from the busy mainland. Visitors can relax on the shores, bask in the warm sun, or take a stroll along the coastline while enjoying the breathtaking views of Stone Town in the distance. The combination of historical ruins, lush greenery, and untouched beaches makes Prison Island a truly unique destination.
For history enthusiasts, a visit to the ruins of the former prison and quarantine station is a must. The old stone buildings, though weathered by time, still stand as a reminder of the island’s past. Walking through the abandoned prison cells and hospital rooms, visitors can imagine the lives of those who once stayed here.
Local guides provide insightful stories about the island’s history, offering visitors a deeper understanding of Zanzibar’s colonial past and its role in the Indian Ocean slave trade. These stories make the visit not only an educational experience but also an emotional one.
Prison Island is easily accessible from Stone Town, with boats departing from the shore throughout the day. The boat ride takes around 15 to 30 minutes, depending on sea conditions. Visitors can hire a private boat or join a guided tour, which often includes a visit to the tortoise sanctuary and snorkeling sites. The best time to visit is early in the morning or late afternoon to avoid the midday heat.
The entrance fee to the island is around $4 per person, but boat transport costs vary depending on the provider. Most tour packages include snorkeling gear, entrance fees, and a guided tour, making it a hassle-free experience.
The best time to visit Prison Island is during Zanzibar’s dry seasons, which occur from June to October and December to February. During these months, the weather is warm and dry, making it ideal for exploring the island, swimming, and snorkeling.
The rainy seasons (April – May and November) bring heavy showers, which can make boat rides rough and limit outdoor activities. However, if you visit during these times, you might find fewer crowds and lower prices on tours.
Prison Island offers a perfect blend of history, wildlife, and natural beauty. Whether you want to learn about Zanzibar’s past, interact with the rare Aldabra tortoises, snorkel in clear waters, or relax on a pristine beach, this island has something for everyone. Its proximity to Stone Town makes it a convenient half-day trip, and it’s one of the most rewarding experiences in Zanzibar.
If you’re planning a trip to Zanzibar, don’t miss the chance to explore the secrets of Prison Island—it’s a place where history, nature, and adventure come together in perfect harmony.
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